Genetic Health Conditions
GenomeInsight analyzes your DNA for 51 health conditions across 11 categories. Select a condition below to learn about its genetic basis and how your DNA data can reveal your personal risk profile.
Cardiovascular
Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs when plaque builds up in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. It is the leading cause of heart attacks and the most common type of heart disease worldwide.
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is an irregular and often rapid heart rhythm that can lead to blood clots, stroke, and heart failure. It is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia.
Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a chronic condition where blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It significantly raises the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.
Venous Thromboembolism
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It occurs when blood clots form in veins, often in the legs, and can become life-threatening if a clot travels to the lungs.
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks or narrows an artery leading to the brain. It accounts for roughly 87% of all strokes and can cause lasting brain damage or death.
Heart Failure
Heart failure is a chronic condition where the heart cannot pump blood efficiently enough to meet the body's needs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention.
Elevated LDL Cholesterol
Elevated LDL cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) means too much low-density lipoprotein circulates in the blood. High LDL is a major driver of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk.
Neurological
Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that destroys memory and cognitive function. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases.
Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease is a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement. It develops gradually, starting with barely noticeable tremor, stiffness, and slowing of movement.
Migraine
Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by intense, debilitating headaches, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Episodes can last hours to days.
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath covering nerve fibers. It disrupts communication between the brain and body.
Restless Legs Syndrome
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them. Symptoms typically worsen in the evening and during periods of inactivity.
Essential Tremor
Essential tremor is a nervous system disorder that causes involuntary, rhythmic shaking. It most commonly affects the hands but can also involve the head, voice, and other body parts.
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder affecting how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and reduced motivation.
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. People experience episodes of mania (highs) and depression (lows) that can significantly impair daily life.
Autoimmune & Inflammatory
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. It requires lifelong insulin therapy and careful blood sugar management.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily attacks the joints, causing painful swelling, stiffness, and progressive joint destruction. It can also affect other organs.
Crohn's Disease
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. It can affect any part of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus.
Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes long-lasting inflammation and ulcers in the innermost lining of the colon and rectum. Symptoms include diarrhea, bleeding, and abdominal pain.
Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where eating gluten triggers an immune response that damages the small intestine lining. It can lead to malabsorption of nutrients and a wide range of symptoms.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease that speeds up the life cycle of skin cells. It causes cells to build up rapidly on the surface, forming scales and red, itchy patches.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks its own tissues. It can affect joints, skin, kidneys, brain, and other organs.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that primarily affects the spine, causing inflammation of the spinal joints. Over time it can lead to some vertebrae fusing together.
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease
Autoimmune thyroid disease includes Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland. This can cause either overproduction or underproduction of thyroid hormones.
Cancer
Breast Cancer
Breast cancer forms in the cells of the breast and is one of the most common cancers. Early detection through screening and genetic risk assessment can significantly improve outcomes.
Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or rectum and is the third most common cancer worldwide. It often begins as noncancerous polyps that can develop into cancer over time.
Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer develops in the prostate gland and is one of the most common cancers in men. Many prostate cancers grow slowly, but some forms can be aggressive and spread quickly.
Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. While smoking is the primary risk factor, genetic variants can modify susceptibility, especially for adenocarcinoma subtypes.
Melanoma
Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer, developing in the cells that produce melanin. While less common than other skin cancers, it is far more likely to spread if not caught early.
Bladder Cancer
Bladder cancer begins in the cells of the bladder lining. It is one of the most common cancers and has a high recurrence rate, requiring ongoing surveillance after treatment.
Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid cancer arises in the thyroid gland and is one of the fastest-growing cancer diagnoses. Most thyroid cancers are highly treatable, especially papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer starts in the ovaries or fallopian tubes and is often detected at an advanced stage. Genetic testing for hereditary risk factors can guide prevention strategies.
Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer begins in the tissues of the pancreas and is known for its poor prognosis. ABO blood group and other genetic factors play a role in individual susceptibility.
Metabolic
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar due to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. It is the most common form of diabetes worldwide.
Obesity
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition involving excessive body fat accumulation. Genetic factors account for 40-70% of the variation in body mass index between individuals.
Gout
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. It causes sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, and redness, often in the big toe.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the accumulation of excess fat in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol. It can progress to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis.
Lactose Intolerance
Lactose intolerance is the inability to fully digest the sugar (lactose) found in milk and dairy products. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase in adulthood.
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce adequate hemoglobin. Genetic variants can affect iron absorption, transport, and regulation.
Gallstones
Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder. Genetic factors influence cholesterol metabolism and bile composition, affecting stone formation risk.
Respiratory
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition where the airways become inflamed and narrow, making breathing difficult. Genetic variants affect airway inflammation, immune response, and bronchodilation.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
COPD is a group of progressive lung diseases, mainly emphysema and chronic bronchitis, that block airflow and make breathing difficult. Genetic factors affect lung development and repair capacity.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition where the throat muscles intermittently relax and block the airway during sleep. It causes repeated breathing interruptions, daytime fatigue, and cardiovascular strain.
Musculoskeletal
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to fracture. Genetic factors play a major role in determining bone mineral density and fracture risk.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, occurring when the protective cartilage on the ends of bones wears down over time. Genetic variants influence cartilage maintenance and joint development.
Ophthalmology
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults. It damages the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to abnormally high intraocular pressure. It is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.
Renal & Urological
Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the gradual loss of kidney function over time. Genetic variants affect kidney filtration, uromodulin levels, and susceptibility to hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy.
Kidney Stones
Kidney stones are hard mineral deposits that form inside the kidneys. Genetic factors influence calcium, oxalate, and uric acid handling in the kidney, affecting stone formation risk.
Mental Health
Dermatological
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